Just 600 monthly payments and the place is all yours.
The thought of 50-year Florida home loans may make you cringe, or cause you to ask if we’re kidding, but the trend has already begun in other parts of the U.S.
A California company began to offer the loans in March, touting them as a lifeline to consumers trying to squeeze into the Golden State’s ultra-expensive housing market. While the 50-year mortgages haven’t caught on in a big way, a handful of lenders now offer them, and they are available across the nation.
Critics dismiss them as a poor choice or a gimmick, but some in the industry say 50-year mortgages are finding their niche, and it may be just a matter of time before they’re common.
“We felt the loan would fill a need for some people to keep their payments lower,” said Alex Diaz Jr., V.P. of Statewide Bancorp, a mortgage company in Rancho Cucamonga, Calif.
Statewide originated about $92.1 million in 50-year loans in five states over the second quarter of this year — a tiny portion of the $700 billion in all mortgage originations in the period. In Florida, the loans are likely to spread through mortgage brokers who have business relationships with national lenders that are offering them, and who specialize in so-called subprime lending.
Experts believe credit-impaired borrowers might be good candidates for “the 50s.”
The borrowers would use the ARM to leverage the equity from their homes to pay off debt and improve their credit scores, then refinance out of the 50-year Florida home loan to something with better terms. The irony of the longest possible amortizing loan being used as a short-term mortgage option is inescapable.
“This is not a product that has been taking the world by storm,” said Doug Duncan, Chief Economist for the Mortgage Bankers Association. “From a statistical perspective they are practically non-existent.”
Many huge lenders such as Wells Fargo and Countrywide have no plans to make 50-year loans, or so they say. They feel the loans will not gain traction until they become widely sold in the secondary market, as most mainstream mortgages are. Mortgage financiers Fannie Mae and Bear, Stearns & Co. said recently they have no plans to buy the 50-year mortgages.
Just give them time, say some.
“I don’t see any objections to Fannie and Freddie [Mac] buying the product,” said Terry King, who follows loan trends for MRG Document Technologies. “Let it pick up speed. It’s got momentum on the East and West Coasts. I predict that [Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac] will adopt the loans by the end of the year.”
Most of the 50-year loans, so far, aren’t really 50-year, fixed-rate loans, however. Rather, they are adjustable-rate mortgages, or ARMs, in which the monthly payments remain the same for a certain period, then “reset” and fluctuate with prevailing interest rates, amortized over a 50-year term.
The adjustable-rate trend has gotten popular in California and even in parts of the Florida housing market, where home prices have climbed so far and fast. However, adjustable-rate loans, and riskier options such as payment-option mortgages carry the risk that, by deferring interest or even the payments themselves, borrowers will end up with negative amortization.
When the unpaid interest is added to the principal, the borrower owes more than he did at the beginning of the loan.
“They’re asinine,” said Jack M. Guttentag, Professor of Finance Emeritus at the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania, and who now runs a mortgage information website, said of the 50s. “I tell people to ignore them. Given the wide availability of interest-only loans, going out beyond 30 years seems senseless. You are paying more for the loan and getting a very small reduction in the payment.”
At the very least, ARMs carry a risk of resetting at an alarming, sometimes unaffordably high rate, which should be a concern for borrowers who are only marginally able to buy.
- A 30-year loan for $275,000 set up as a five-year ARM at an interest rate of 6.58 percent, equates to a monthly payment of $1,752.68.
- Assuming that such an ARM in 50-year form would have an interest rate a quarter-point higher, at 6.83 percent, the monthly payment would be about $1,618.95 — saving you about $133.73 in cash per month.
- But the pain hits in the interest paid over the term of the long-term loans. For the 30-year loan, it would be $87,826.66. For the 50-year, $93,306.32.
- The balance after five years would be $257,666 (with $17,334.20 in equity) for the 30-year loan, versus $271,169.23 for the 50-year (with $3,830.77 in equity).
Basically, the short-term monthly payment reductions end up costing buyers both equity and thousands in interest. Yet some in the mortgage industry argue that given the changes in consumer behavior, the term of the loan has become virtually irrelevant. Homeowners have come to expect an ongoing cycle of refinancing or moving and often do not keep loans longer than a few years.
Long-term mortgages also may be a bellwether of changing attitudes about credit, say some consumer debt experts, who think holding a Florida home loan until the house is paid for is a phenomenon that has long since gone out of style. A major part of that attitude is due to the refinancing whirlwind fueled by low mortgage rates.
But it’s also a sign of a generational shift. There is so much more mobility in the job market now, and young people today know that the only way to get a major bump in their salary is to move on to a new job. They are constantly in the job market, have no idea how long they are going to be in one place, and ARMs are appealing as a result.
Consumers increasingly want to leverage their income into as many places as possible, such as homes, as well as efforts to consolidate debt from credit cards and student loans.